Strengthening the Quad: A Strategy for Bolstering Engagement and Cooperation

As part of its efforts to promote peace, stability, and economic growth in the Indo-Pacific region, the United States has taken steps to strengthen engagement and cooperation with Australia, India, and Japan. The Strengthening the Quad Act, recently signed into law (HR 1263), aims to bolster these relationships and foster closer cooperation on shared interests and values.

Section 1: Short Title

This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Strengthening the Quad Act’’.

Section 2: Sense of Congress

It is the sense of Congress that—

(1) as a Pacific power, the United States should continue to strengthen joint cooperation between the United States, Australia, India, and Japan (commonly referred to as the ‘‘Quadrilateral Dialogue’’ or ‘‘Quad’’ and referred to as such in this Act) to enhance and implement a shared vision to meet regional challenges and to promote a free, open, inclusive, resilient, and healthy Indo-Pacific, that is characterized by respect for democratic norms, rule of law, and market-driven economic growth, and is free from undue influence and coercion;
(2) the United States should expand dialogue and cooperation through the Quad with a range of partners to support peace and prosperity, the rule of law, freedom of navigation and overflight, the peaceful resolution of disputes, and democratic resilience in the Indo-Pacific;
(3) the pledge from the first-ever Quad leaders meeting on March 12, 2021, to address shared challenges, including in public health, cyberspace, critical technologies, counterterrorism, quality infrastructure investment, and humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, as well as maritime domains, laid the foundation for critical cooperation among Quad countries;
(4) the Quad countries, working through institutions, including the United States International Development Finance Corporation, the Japan International Cooperation Agency, and the Japan Bank for International Cooperation, and through partnerships with multilateral development banks such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank, should finance development and infrastructure projects in the Indo-Pacific region that are competitive, transparent, and sustainable;
(5) President Biden’s decision to elevate the Quad to the leader level was critical to bolstering cooperation, and all four countries should work to ensure that the Quad Leaders’ Summit continues to take place regularly;
(6) the ambitious framework for ongoing cooperation laid out by the four leaders at the fifth convening of the Quad Leaders’ Summit in Hiroshima on May 20, 2023, should continue;
(7) Secretary of State Marco Rubio hosted the Quad Foreign Ministers in Washington, DC on January 21, 2025—his first day in office—underscoring the continued importance of cooperation between the four democracies;
(8) the formation of a Quad Inter-Parliamentary Working Group will sustain and deepen engagement between senior officials of the Quad countries on a full spectrum of issues;

Section 3: Strategy

(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy for bolstering engagement and cooperation with the Quad.

(b) MATTERS TO BE INCLUDED.—The strategy required by subsection (a) shall include the following:
(1) A description of how the United States intends to demonstrate democratic leadership in the Indo-Pacific through quadrilateral engagement with Australia, India, and Japan on shared interests and common challenges.
(2) A summary of—

(A) current and past Quad initiatives across the whole of the United States Government, including to promote broad-based and inclusive economic growth and investment, and to advance technology cooperation, energy innovation, climate mitigation and adaptation, physical and digital infrastructure development, education, disaster management, resilient supply chains including in critical minerals, and global health security;
(B) proposals agreed to by all Quad countries since January 2021 to deepen existing security cooperation, intelligence sharing, economic partnerships, and multilateral coordination;
(C) initiatives and agreements undertaken jointly with Quad countries, in addition to other like-minded partners in the Indo-Pacific, on areas of shared interest since January 2021.

(3) A description of the diplomatic and bureaucratic barriers and obstacles to implementing and expanding existing streams of Quad cooperation.
(4) A list of recommendations on how Congress could assist in addressing the barriers described in paragraph (3), as well as—

(A) any new authorities needed to strengthen United States leadership in and contribution to existing and proposed Quad initiatives and programs;
(B) additional resources needed to scale up and expand successful Quad initiatives and programs.

Section 4: Establishment of Quad Inter-Parliamentary Working Group

(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall seek to enter into negotiations with the Governments of Australia, India, and Japan (collectively, with the United States, known as the ‘‘Quad’’’) with the goal of reaching a written agreement to establish a Quad Inter-Parliamentary Working Group to facilitate closer cooperation on shared interests and values.

(b) UNITED STATES GROUP.—

(1) IN GENERAL.—At such time as the Governments of the Quad countries enter into a written agreement described in subsection (a) to establish a Quad Inter-Parliamentary Working Group, there shall be established an interagency working group within the Executive Office of the President to coordinate and implement the provisions of this section.
(2) MEMBERSHIP.—The members of the United States Group shall include—